Richard S. Parnas
Liquid Composite Molding
Foreword
6
Contents
8
1 Introduction
10
1.1 Composite Materials
10
1.2 How Composites are Made
16
1.3 Summary
21
References
23
2 Fundamentals – Transport Phenomena
24
2.1 Flow Through Porous Media – Single Phase Flow
24
2.1-1 Darcy's Law and the Permeability Tensor
24
2.1-2 Measuring the Effective Permeability
26
2.1-3 Analyzing the Experiments for the Permeability Tensor
31
2.1-4 2-Dimensional vs. 3-Dimensional Data Analysis
37
2.2 Heat Transfer and Chemical Reaction in Porous Media
39
2.2-1 Volume Averaging
39
2.2-2 The Energy Balance
41
2.2-3 RTM
42
2.2-4 SRIM and the Species Equation
45
2.3 Rheokinetics
46
2.3-1 Resin Reaction Kinetics
48
2.3-2 The Effects of Cure on the Viscosity
56
References
57
Homework Problems
59
Appendix I
60
Appendix II
61
Appendix III
64
3 RTM Fundamentals – Reinforcement Construction
66
3.1 Reinforcement Materials
66
3.2 Getting Ready for Preforming
70
3.3 2-Dimensional Fabrics and Early Preforming Methods
73
3.3-1 Random Mats
73
3.3-2 Textile Fabrics
76
3.4 Preforming 3-Dimensional Shapes
85
References
86
Homework Problems
87
4 Manufacturing Composites
88
4.1 Design and Optimization
88
4.1-1 Physical Model Based Design and Optimization
89
4.1-2 Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm Based Design and Optimization
116
4.2 Tooling
124
4.3 Measurement and Control
131
4.3-1 Process Measurements
131
4.3-2 Process Control
141
References
146
Homework Problems
147
5 The Microstructure
150
5.1 Multi-Phase Flows
150
5.1-1 A Simple Model of Void Formation in LCM
152
5.1-2 Innovative Processing Technology for LCM
158
5.2 Optical Coherence Tomography
160
5.2-1 Instrumentation for Optical Coherence Tomography
160
5.2-2 OCT as a Tool to Help Predict Permeability
161
5.2-3 OCT for Non-Destructive Evaluation
164
References
166
Homework Problems
166
Subject Index
168
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